Averroes Abū 'l-Walīd Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad ibn Rushd (), better known just as Ibn Rushd (), and in European literature as Averroes () (1126 – December 10, 1198), was an Andalusian-Arab Muslim polymath:Islamic philosophy, Islamic theology, Maliki law and jurisprudence, logic, psychology, politics, Arabic music theory, and the sciences of medicine, astronomy, geography, mathematics, physics and celestial mechanics.