Russian_Revolution_(1917) The Russian Revolution is the series of revolutions in Russia in 1917, which destroyed the Tsarist autocracy and led to the creation of the Soviet Union. In the first revolution in February 1917 (March in the Gregorian calendar) the Czar was deposed and replaced with the Provisional government, and in the second revolution in October the Provisional Government was removed and replaced with a Bolshevik (Communist) government.