| International Atomic Time International Atomic Time (TAI, from the French name Temps Atomique International) is a high-precision atomic time standard that tracks proper time on Earth's geoid. It is the principal realisation of Terrestrial Time, and the basis for Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) which is used for civil timekeeping all over the Earth's surface. International_Atomic_Time
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| Analysis of variance In statistics, analysis of variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models, and their associated procedures, in which the observed variance is partitioned into components due to different explanatory variables. The initial techniques of the analysis of variance were developed by the statistician and geneticist R. Analysis_of_variance
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| Albert Einstein | birth_place = Ulm, Württemberg, Germany Albert_Einstein
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| Ampere The ampere, in practice often shortened to amp, (symbol: A) is a unit of electric current, or amount of electric charge per second. The ampere is an SI base unit, and is named after André-Marie Ampère, one of the main discoverers of electromagnetism. Ampere
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| Algorithm In mathematics, computing, linguistics and related subjects, an algorithm is a sequence of finite instructions, often used for calculation and data processing. It is formally a type of effective method in which a list of well-defined instructions for completing a task will, when given an initial state, proceed through a well-defined series of successive states, eventually terminating in an end-state. Algorithm
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| Atom |- Atom
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| Artificial intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science which aims to create it. Artificial_intelligence
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| Astronomical unit The astronomical unit (AU or au or a.u. Astronomical_unit
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| Advanced Encryption Standard In cryptography, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known as Rijndael, is a block cipher adopted as an encryption standard by the U.S. Advanced_Encryption_Standard
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| Ammonia | Section2 = Ammonia
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| Absolute zero Talk:Absolute_zero
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| Acre The acre is a unit of area in a number of different systems, including the imperial and U.S. Acre
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| American Airlines Flight 77 |passengers = 58 (including 5 hijackers) American_Airlines_Flight_77
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| Asbestos Asbestos is a group of minerals with long, thin fibrous crystals. The word "asbestos" (῾ἀσβεστος) is derived from a Greek adjective meaning inextinguishable. Asbestos
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| Array In computer science an arrayPaul E. Black, "array", in Dictionary of Algorithms and Data Structures, Paul E. Array
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| AVL tree In computer science, an AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, and it is the first such data structure to be invented.Robert Sedgewick, Algorithms, Addison-Wesley, 1983, ISBN 0-201-06672-6, page 199, chapter 15: Balanced Trees. AVL_tree
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| Atomic clock An atomic clock is a type of clock that uses an atomic resonance frequency standard as its timekeeping element. They are the most accurate time and frequency standards known, and are used as primary standards for international time distribution services, and to control the frequency of television broadcasts and GPS satellite signals. Atomic_clock
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| Arthur Stanley Eddington |death_date = Arthur_Stanley_Eddington
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| Abstract data type In computing, an abstract data type (ADT) is a specification of a set of data and the set of operations that can be performed on the data. Such a data type is abstract in the sense that it is independent of various concrete implementations. Abstract_data_type
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| Advanced Encryption Standard Talk:Advanced_Encryption_Standard
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| Air conditioner An air conditioner is an appliance, system, or mechanism designed to extract heat from an area via a refrigeration cycle. In construction, a complete system of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is referred to as "HVAC. Air_conditioner
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| Ackermann function In recursion theory, the Ackermann function or Ackermann-Péter function is a simple example of a general recursive function that is not primitive recursive. General recursive functions are also known as computable functions. Ackermann_function
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| Atomic weight Atomic weight (symbol: A) is a dimensionless physical quantity, the ratio of the average mass of atoms of an element (from a given source) to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon-12. The term is usually used, without further qualification, to refer to the standard atomic weights published at regular intervals by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)The latest edition is The updated list of standard atomic weights is expected to be formally published in late 2008. Atomic_weight
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| WikiProject Elements Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Elements
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| Bluetooth Bluetooth is a wireless protocol utilizing short-range communications technology facilitating data transmission over short distances from fixed and/or mobile devices, creating wireless personal area networks (PANs). The intent behind the development of Bluetooth was the creation of a single digital wireless protocol, capable of connecting multiple devices and overcoming problems arising from synchronization of these devices. Bluetooth
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| Boron Boron () is a chemical element with atomic number 5 and the chemical symbol B. Boron is a trivalent nonmetallic element which occurs abundantly in the evaporite ores borax and ulexite. Boron
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| Binomial distribution !| Binomial_distribution
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| Binary prefix In computing, binary prefixes are names or associated symbols that can precede a unit of measure (such as a byte) to indicate multiplication by a power of two. In certain contexts in computing (such as computer memory sizes), it is convenient to express large quantities in terms of multiples of the unit by powers of two. Binary_prefix
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| Big O notation Talk:Big_O_notation
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| Binary search algorithm A binary search algorithm (or binary chop) is a technique for locating a particular value in a sorted list of values. To cast this in the frame of the guessing game (see Example below), realize that we seek to guess the index, or numbered place, of the value in the list. Binary_search_algorithm
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| Binary search algorithm Talk:Binary_search_algorithm
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| Binary search tree In computer science, a binary search tree (BST) is a binary tree data structure Binary_search_tree
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| Buffer overflow In computer security and programming, a buffer overflow, or buffer overrun, is an anomalous condition where a process attempts to store data beyond the boundaries of a fixed-length buffer. The result is that the extra data overwrites adjacent memory locations. Buffer_overflow
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| B-tree In computer science, a B-tree is a tree data structure that keeps data sorted and allows searches, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic amortized time. It is most commonly used in databases and filesystems. B-tree
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| Candela The candela (, /-ˈdiːlə/, symbol: cd) is the SI base unit of luminous intensity; that is, power emitted by a light source in a particular direction, weighted by the luminosity function (a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye to different wavelengths, also known as the luminous efficiency functionSharpe, Stockman, Jagla & Jägle (2005) 2-deg V*(l) luminous efficiency function). A common candle emits light with a luminous intensity of roughly one candela. Candela
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| Conversion of units Conversion of units refers to conversion factors between different units of measurement for the same quantity. Conversion_of_units
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| Key size In cryptography, key size or key length is the size (usually measured in bits or bytes) of the key used in a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher). An algorithm's key length is distinct from its cryptographic security, which is a logarithmic measure of the fastest known computational attack on the algorithm, also measured in bits. Key_size
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| Carbon dioxide | Section2 = Carbon_dioxide
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| Computational chemistry Computational chemistry is a branch of chemistry that uses computers to assist in solving chemical problems. It uses the results of theoretical chemistry, incorporated into efficient computer programs, to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids. Computational_chemistry
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| Charles Peirce Charles Sanders Peirce (pronounced purse) (September 10, 1839 – April 19, 1914) was an American logician, mathematician, philosopher, and scientist, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Peirce was educated as a chemist and employed as a scientist for 30 years. Charles_Peirce
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| Clock A clock is an instrument used for indicating and maintaining the time and passage thereof. The word clock is derived ultimately (via Dutch, Northern French, and Medieval Latin) from the Celtic words clagan and clocca meaning "bell". Clock
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| CD-R A CD-R (Compact Disc-Recordable) is a variation of the Compact Disc invented by Philips and Sony. CD-R is a Write Once Read Many (WORM) optical medium (though the whole disk does not have to be entirely written in the same session) and retains a high level of compatibility with standard CD readers (unlike CD-RW which can be rewritten but has much lower compatibility and the discs are considerably more expensive). CD-R
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| Concentration In chemistry, concentration is the measure of how much of a given substance there is mixed with another substance. This can apply to any sort of chemical mixture, but most frequently the concept is limited to homogeneous solutions, where it refers to the amount of solute in a substance. Concentration
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| Casimir effect In physics, the Casimir effect and the Casimir-Polder force are physical forces arising from a quantized field. The typical example is of two uncharged metallic plates in a vacuum, placed a few micrometers apart, without any external electromagnetic field. Casimir_effect
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| Casimir effect Talk:Casimir_effect
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| Committee on Data for Science and Technology CODATA (Committee on Data for Science and Technology) was established in 1966 as an interdisciplinary committee of the International Council of Science (ICSU), formerly the International Council of Scientific Unions. It seeks to improve the compilation, critical evaluation, storage, and retrieval of data of importance to science and technology. Committee_on_Data_for_Science_and_Technology
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| Diffie-Hellman key exchange Diffie-Hellman key exchange (D-H) is a cryptographic protocol that allows two parties that have no prior knowledge of each other to jointly establish a shared secret key over an insecure communications channel. This key can then be used to encrypt subsequent communications using a symmetric key cipher. Diffie-Hellman_key_exchange
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| Data Encryption Standard The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a cipher (a method for encrypting information) selected by NBS as an official Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the United States in 1976 and which has subsequently enjoyed widespread use internationally. The algorithm was initially controversial with classified design elements, a relatively short key length, and suspicions about a National Security Agency (NSA) backdoor. Data_Encryption_Standard
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| Depth of field Talk:Depth_of_field
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| Decibel The decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit of measurement that expresses the magnitude of a physical quantity (usually power or intensity) relative to a specified or implied reference level. Since it expresses a ratio of two quantities with the same unit, it is a dimensionless unit. Decibel
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